Authentically preserved architectural elements provide a glimpse into the birthplace of psychoanalysis, and different artefacts, historical documents, and photographs illustrate Freud's professional roles and personal details of his family and professional lives. Special printings, first editions that are extremely rare, offprints, and presentation copies offer information about the theoretical roots of Freud's work.

The historical stairwell, an extremely important part of the museum, links the living quarters on the mezzanine level with the "doctor's apartment" on the upper ground floor, where another permanent exhibition titled Hidden Thoughts of a Visual Nature is on display. It is an exposition of outstanding conceptual art pieces from the collection of the Sigmund Freud Museum.

On the 82nd anniversary of Sigmund Freud's passing, Olaf Nicolai's piece "Trauer und Melancholie" (Mourning and Melancholy) was displayed in the "Library of Psychoanalysis" at the Sigmund Freud Museum. Nicolai made it possible for the first Arabic translation of Freud's seminal work through his creative documentation (2009–12). Access to this part is available on request.

Examine the psychoanalytical influences on surrealism in this special exhibition (available till April 2023). The complex relationship between surrealism and psychoanalysis is highlighted through the 100 works from the Klewan Collection by more than 50 artists, such as Salvador Dali, Pablo Picasso, André Breton and Toyen. Surrealism implemented psychoanalytic theories on drives, dreams, displacements, and condensations in a variety of ways.

The Sigmund Freud Museum's Library of Psychoanalysis houses books on Freud as well as the theory, practice, and background of psychoanalysis. Its collection comprises full German and international editions as well as the first editions of Sigmund Freud's works. The collection also includes books from Freud's own library that were obtained through donations or acquisitions.

The Sigmund Freud Museum focuses on children between the ages of 5 and 12 in keeping with its new concept following the refurbishment in 2020. Young museum visitors will get a few valuable insights into Freud's universe and time through a playful and associative approach, in contrast to the new permanent presentations, which are focused on a combination of cognitive and sensory experience.

If you are feeling hungry after your museum tour, look no further than the in-house cafe. In addition to wonderful handmade cakes that are vegan and gluten-free, the café at the Sigmund Freud Museum serves an outstanding assortment of coffee and beverages, especially from Vienna, including the champagne "Edition Sigmund Freud Museum" from Kattus.